beam

1. Any large piece of timber or iron long in proportion to its thickness, and prepared for use.

   Balken

   ба́лкаbálka, брусbrus, бревно́brevnó

   ба́лкаbálka

2. One of the principal horizontal structural members, usually of steel, timber, or concrete, of a building.

   Balken

   ба́лкаbálka, перекла́динаperekládina

3. One of the transverse members of a ship's frame on which the decks are laid, and acting as part of the support for keeping the sides of the vessel in shape — supported at the sides by knees in wooden ships and by stringers in steel ones; cf. abeam, beam-ends.

   бимсbims, тра́верзtráverz

4. The maximum width of a vessel (note that a vessel with a beam of 15 foot can also be said to be 15 foot abeam).

   This ship has more beam than that one.

   Breite

5. The direction across a vessel, perpendicular to fore-and-aft.

   As the vessel passes a landmark, the landmark is said to be abeam. Once the vessel has passed the landmark, it falls abaft the beam, then it gradually falls astern.

6. The straight part or shank of an anchor.

   веретено́veretenó

7. The crossbar of a mechanical balance, from the ends of which the scales are suspended.

   коромы́слоkoromýslo

8. In steam engines, a heavy iron lever having an oscillating motion on a central axis, one end of which is connected with the piston rod from which it receives motion, and the other with the crank of the wheel shaft.

   шату́нšatún

9. The central bar of a plow, to which the handles and colter are secured, and to the end of which are attached the oxen or horses that draw it.

   Pflugbaum, Grindel

   гря́дильgrjádilʹ

10. A ray or collection of approximately parallel rays emitted from the sun or other luminous body.

    a beam of light

    a beam of energy

11. (разговорное)The principal stem of the antler of a deer, which branches grow out from.

12. (разговорное)One of the long feathers in the wing of a hawk.

1. Tom turned on his high beams.

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2. Tom is beaming from ear to ear.

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3. We need to shore up this beam.

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4. A beam of sunlight came through the clouds.

   deEin Sonnenstrahl brach durch die Wolken.

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5. Is the beam solid or hollow?

   Эта балка сплошная или полая?

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правильный