retrograde

1. Directed or moving backwards in relation to the normal or previous direction of travel; retreating.

   retrograd

   ретрогра́дныйretrográdnyj

   moving or directed or tending in a backward direction or contrary to a previous direction

2. Reverting to an inferior or less developed state; declining, regressing.

3. Reverting to an inferior or less developed state; declining, regressing.

   Of an animal: appearing to regress to a less developed form during its lifetime.

4. Of the order of something: inverse, reverse.

5. Of the order of something: inverse, reverse.

   Having a passage of music played backwards.

6. Of ideas or a person: opposing social reform, favouring the maintenance of the status quo; conservative.

   retrograde ideas, morals, etc.

7. Of a celestial body orbiting another: in the opposite direction to the orbited body's spin.

   moving from east to west on the celestial sphere; or — for planets — around the sun in a direction opposite to that of the Earth

8. (также, часто, postpositional)Of a celestial body: seeming to move across the sky in the opposite direction from its ordinary movement.

   Mercury retrograde

9. Of a metamorphic change: resulting from a decrease in pressure or temperature.

10. Of amnesia: relating to the period leading up to the episode which caused it.

11. (архаичное)Involving a return to or a retracing of a previous course of travel.

12. (архаичное)Counterproductive to a desired outcome; contradictory, contrary.

1. The readiest support for planets' having confocal orbits is their sometimes retrograde motion.

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2. The US was defeated by the retrograde group of the Taliban.

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3. Seventeen of the moons have a retrograde orbit, meaning they orbit in the opposite direction as Saturn and its other moons.

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