spine

1. A series of bones situated at the back from the head to the pelvis of a human, or from the head to the tail of an animal, enclosing the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and abdomen.

2. A series of bones situated at the back from the head to the pelvis of a human, or from the head to the tail of an animal, enclosing the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and abdomen.

   (переносно)Courage or assertiveness.

   Rückgrat, Wirbelsäule, Rückgrat

   позвоно́чникpozvonóčnik, хребе́тxrebét, хребе́тxrebét

   хребе́тxrebét

3. Something resembling a backbone, such as a ridge, or a long, central structure from which other structures radiate.

4. The narrow, bound edge of a book that encloses the inner edges of the pages, facing outwards when the book is on a shelf and typically bearing the title and the author's and publisher's name.

   Rücken, Buchrücken

   корешо́кkorešók

   коріне́цьkorinécʹ, спи́нкаspýnka

   the part of a book's cover that encloses the inner side of the book's pages and that faces outward when the book is shelved

5. A pointed, fairly rigid protuberance or needlelike structure on an animal, shell, mushroom or plant. The botanical term technically refers to such a structure derived from a leaf or part of a leaf.

   Stachel, Dorn

   шипšip, игла́iglá, колю́чкаkoljúčka

6. The heartwood of trees.

7. A linear payscale operated by some large organizations that allows flexibility for local and specific conditions.

8. A tall mass of viscous lava extruded from a volcano.

9. The stiffness of an arrow.

10. A central part which supports a whole; core.

1. A shiver ran down my spine.

   По моему телу пробежали мурашки.

   deEin Schauer jagte mir über den Rücken.

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2. A chill ran down my spine.

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3. It sent shivers down my spine.

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4. Tom felt a chill go up his spine.

   deTom fühlte einen Schauer den Rücken hinunterlaufen.

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5. That idea sent a shiver down my spine.

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правильный