datum

1. Something known or assumed as fact, and is made the basis of reasoning or inference which an intellectual system of any sort (such as knowledge or theoretical framework) is constructed.

   a datum of experience

   given this datum, it follows that

2. A point, line, plane, or surface with reference to which positions (such as elevations) are measured or indicated. (Examples include a permanent benchmark in leveling or mean sea level in a topographical survey).

   A geodetic datum is sometimes also called a benchmark.

   GD&T tells us that the center of a bolt circle is in fact defined by the locations of the holes themselves, as each is a datum.

3. A floating reference point, or SLDMB, used to evaluate surface currents in a body of water, and often employed by coastal search and rescue.

1. The singular of 'data' is 'datum'.

   Единственное число от слова data – это datum.

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2. A tide gauge measures changes in sea level relative to a datum (a height reference).

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