graft
A small shoot or scion of a tree inserted in another tree, the stock of which is to…A small shoot or scion of a tree inserted in another tree, the stock of which is to support and nourish it. The two unite and become one tree, but the graft determines the kind of fruit.
» He grafted a pear on the quince.
Он привил грушу на айву.
Значение
значений: 14A small shoot or scion of a tree inserted in another tree, the stock of which is to support and nourish it. The two unite and become one tree, but the graft determines the kind of fruit.
Pfropfreis
приво́йprivój
A branch or portion of a tree growing from such a shoot.
приво́йprivój
A portion of living tissue used in the operation of autoplasty.
Transplantat
транспланта́тtransplantát
The depth of the blade of a digging tool such as a spade or shovel.
A narrow spade used in digging drainage trenches.
(неисчисляемое)Corruption in official life.
взяточничествоvzjatočničestvo, подкупpodkup
(неисчисляемое)Illicit profit by corrupt means, especially in public life.
(сленг, неисчисляемое)A criminal’s special branch of practice.
моше́нничествоmošénničestvo
(исчисляемое)A con job.
(исчисляемое, сленг)A cut of the take (money).
(США, неисчисляемое)A bribe, especially on an ongoing basis.
(Британия, разговорное, неисчисляемое)Work; labor requiring effort.
We had to put in a lot of hard graft to get the job done.
- the act of grafting something onto something else
- (surgery) tissue or organ transplanted from a donor to a recipient; in some cases the patient can be both donor and recipient
- the practice of offering something (usually money) in order to gain an illicit advantage
Примеры
предложений: 15He grafted a pear on the quince.
Он привил грушу на айву.
Ziri grafted the medlar onto quince.
The graft started expanding in size.
I grafted a wild fruit tree.
I grafted all the cherry trees.
deIch veredelte all die Kirschbäume.
Переводы
языков: 7По значениям 4
По значениям 2
Происхождение
From Middle English graffe, from Old French greffe (“stylus”), from Latin graphium (“styluFrom Middle English graffe, from Old French greffe (“stylus”), from Latin graphium (“stylus”), from Ancient Greek γραφείον (grapheíon), from γράφειν (gráphein, “to write”); probably akin to English carve. So named from the resemblance of a scion or shoot to a pointed pencil. Doublet of graphium. Compare graphic, grammar.
From Middle Dutch graft (“canal”), from graven (“dig”). The contemporary senses “depth of digging blade” and “narrow spade” may have a separate history, but this is uncertain. Compare Old English grafet (“trench”), Old Norse grǫft (“the action of digging”). Attested from the 17th century. Doublet of gracht.
Uncertain. Some lexicographers suggest an extended use of Etymology 2, above, expanding from “digging” to work more generally, and from there to dishonest work. Others, however, suggest an extension from Etymology 1, shifting from “a shoot or scion” to the notion of corruption through the idea of excrescence.
Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · source
Формы
мн. число: graftsСинонимы
синонимов: 3- the act of grafting something onto something else:grafting
- (surgery) tissue or organ transplanted from a donor to a recipient; in some cases the patient can be both donor and recipient:transplant
- the practice of offering something (usually money) in order to gain an illicit advantage:bribery