refrain

1. (intransitive)To stop oneself from some action or interference; to abstain; to eschew

   July 5, 1731, Jonathan Swift, letter to Vanessa If you knew how I struggle for a little health, what uneasiness I am at in riding and walking, and refraining from every thing agreeable to my taste

   sich enthalten, verzichten, absehen

   утри́муватисяutrýmuvatysja, утри́матисяutrýmatysja

2. (rare, regional, transitive)To abstain from (food or drink).

3. (archaic, transitive)To hold back, to restrain (someone or something).

4. (archaic, reflexive)To show restraint; to hold oneself back.

5. (archaic, transitive)To repress (a desire, emotion etc.); to check or curb.

1. Please refrain from smoking.

   Утримайтесь від паління, будь ласка.

   ruВоздержитесь от курения, пожалуйста.

   deBitte nicht rauchen!

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2. I refrain from drinking.

   Я утримуюсь від пияцтва.

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3. Tom refrained from doing that.

   Том утримався від того, щоб це зробити.

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4. Please refrain from speaking without permission.

   deBitte sprechen Sie nicht ohne Erlaubnis.

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5. Please refrain from smoking cigarettes here.

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