breakdown

1. (countable)A failure, particularly one which is mechanical in nature.

   Whenever he was behind the wheel, he would panic at the first sign of a breakdown.

   Betriebsstörung, Panne

   ава́рияavárija, поло́мкаpolómka, поврежде́ниеpovreždénije

2. A failure, particularly one which is mechanical in nature.

   (uncountable)The sudden (and usually damaging) transition of an electrical insulator to a conductor when subjected to a sufficiently strong voltage, caused by the partial or complete ionization of the insulator; (countable) an instance of this; also, the minimum voltage at which this occurs.

3. (countable)Something, such as a vehicle, that has experienced a mechanical failure.

   We saw a breakdown by the side of the road.

4. Separation of a thing into components; decomposition, fragmentation; (countable) an instance of this.

   (uncountable)Detailed categorization, or itemization or listing, of the components of a thing; (countable) an instance of this.

   Looking at the breakdown of the budget, I see a few items we could cut.

   Aufschlüsselung

   ана́лизanáliz, расчлене́ниеrasčlenénije, разби́вкаrazbívka

5. (uncountable)Breaking of chemical bonds within a compound to produce simpler compounds or elements; (countable) an instance of this.

   расщепле́ниеrasščeplénije, разложе́ниеrazložénije

6. (countable)A detailed description of a forthcoming project or screenplay which identifies all the required elements, such as the cast, costumes, equipment, props, and special effects.

7. (countable, figuratively)A failure in a relationship; a failure or loss of organization in a system.

8. (figuratively, uncountable)(Sudden) worsening of physical health or (more commonly) mental stability, resulting in an inability to carry on normal activities; (countable) an instance of this.

   After so much stress, he suffered a breakdown and simply gave up.

   Nervenzusammenbruch

   колла́псkolláps, нервный срывnervnyj sryv, расстро́йствоrasstrójstvo

9. (figuratively, uncountable)Injury to a horse's leg causing lameness; (countable) an instance of this.

10. (countable, figuratively, uncountable)The short period of open play immediately after a tackle and before and during the ensuing ruck.

11. (attributive, countable, figuratively)An act of splitting logs of wood using a large saw in a sawmill; also, the saw used; or (rare) the building in which the process is carried out.

12. (countable, uncountable)A part of a piece of music or a song which differs from the other parts in that it features improvisation or is stripped down (for example, played by fewer instruments or a solo performer).

    брейкbrejk

1. Tom had a mental breakdown.

   У Тома був нервовий зрив.

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2. Tom has had a nervous breakdown.

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3. I almost had a nervous breakdown.

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4. Tom is having a nervous breakdown.

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5. Tom is on the verge of nervous breakdown.

   ruТом на грани нервного срыва.

   deTom steht am Rande eines Nervenzusammenbruchs.

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