break down

1. (intransitive, usually)To stop functioning.

   I am afraid my computer will break down if I try to run it at too high a speed.

   versagen, den Geist aufgeben, abstürzen

   ломатьсяlomatʹsja, сломатьсяslomatʹsja

   злама́тисяzlamátysja, злама́тисяzlamátysja, впа́стиvpásty

   stop operating or functioning

2. (intransitive)To unexpectedly collapse, physically or in structure.

   einstürzen, zusammenbrechen, zusammenfallen

   злама́тисяzlamátysja, розвали́тисяrozvalýtysja, руйнува́тисяrujnuvátysja

   cause to fall or collapse

3. (transitive)To intentionally demolish; to pull down.

   abreißen, niederbrechen

4. (intransitive)To fail, especially socially or for political reasons.

   Talks broke down between Prime Minister John Doe and the opposition party.

   Relations broke down between Greece and Turkey.

   abbrechen, fehlschlagen, scheitern

   провали́тисяprovalýtysja, збанкрутува́тиzbankrutuváty

5. (idiomatic, intransitive)To give in or give up: relent, concede, surrender.

   Is it worth taking it to a repair shop, or should I just break down and buy a new one?

   kaputtgehen

6. (ergative, figuratively)To render or to become unstable due to stress, to collapse physically or mentally.

   Near-synonym: come undone

   She is back to work now, after she broke down the other day.

   zusammenbrechen, umkippen, zusammenklappen

   collapse due to fatigue, an illness, or a sudden attack

7. (ergative, figuratively)To render or to become weak and ineffective.

   His authority and influence over his coordinates broke down gradually.

   zusammenbrechen, abnehmen

   make ineffective

8. (ergative)To (cause to) decay, to decompose.

   Leaves and grass will break down into compost faster if you keep them moist.

   zersetzen, verwandeln, umwandeln

9. To separate into a number of parts.

   Near-synonyms: break apart, break up, take apart, tear down, tear up

   separate (substances) into constituent elements or parts

10. (ergative, figuratively)To divide into parts to give more details, to provide a more indepth analysis of.

    Near-synonym: analyze

    If you don't understand, ask him to break down the numbers for you.

    herunterbrechen

    разобратьrazobratʹ

11. (ergative)To digest.

    Near-synonym: catabolize

    His stomach took a while to break down his food.

    aufschließen

12. (informal)To bust down or bust a move; to perform energetic, often freestyle or hip-hop moves, frequently during a song’s instrumental break where only drums or bass are playing; see breakdown.

1. This old car breaks down all the time.

   Ця стара машина весь час ламається.

   ruЭтот старый автомобиль все время ломается.

   deDieses alte Auto hat ständig Pannen.

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2. This machine sometimes breaks down.

   Цей механізм іноді ламається.

   deDiese Maschine hat manchmal Aussetzer.

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3. I had a break down.

   У мене був нервовий зрив.

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4. My car has broken down.

   Моя машина зламалася.

   deMein Auto ist kaputt.

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5. The old building was broken down.

   ruСтарое здание было разрушено.

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irregular · Lesson

• break upрозлучитися, розлучатисяTo break or separate into pieces.
• break offвідколотися, відколюватисяTo remove a piece from a whole by breaking or snapping.
• break outвтікти, спалахуватиTo escape, especially forcefully or defiantly.
• break inзламати, ламатиTo enter a place by force or illicit means.
• break downзламатися, впастиTo stop functioning.
• break awayбігати, бігтиTo leave suddenly.
• break throughвивергати, вивергатисяTo gain popularity.
• break apartрозбитися, розбиватисяTo dismantle something into its base components.