grate

1. (transitive)To furnish with grates; to protect with a grating or crossbars.

   to grate a window

   furnish with a grate

2. (transitive)To shred (things, usually foodstuffs), by rubbing across a grater.

   I need to grate the cheese before the potato is cooked.

   reiben

   тере́тьterétʹ, натира́тьnatirátʹ, натере́тьnaterétʹ

   те́ртиtérty, натира́тиnatyráty, нате́ртиnatérty

3. (intransitive)To make an unpleasant rasping sound, often as the result of rubbing against something.

   Listening to his teeth grate all day long drives me mad.

   The chalk grated against the board.

   make a grating or grinding sound by rubbing together

4. (broadly, intransitive)To get on one's nerves; to irritate, annoy.

   She’s nice enough, but she can begin to grate if there is no-one else to talk to.

5. (broadly, transitive)To annoy.

   2015, Art Levy in Florida Trend, Roland Martin is a Florida 'Icon' one of the issues that's kind of grating me a little bit is weed control.

1. Tom grated the cheese.

   deTom rieb den Käse.

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2. Do we have grated cheese?

   ruУ нас есть тёртый сыр?

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3. Tom's whole manner grates on me.

   Томова манера триматися мене дратує.

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4. Tom's wide-eyed optimism is beginning to grate on my nerves.

   Наївний оптимізм Тома починає діяти мені на нерви.

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5. Grate the cheese.

   ruНатрите сыр.

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