radical

1. A root (of a number or quantity).

   Wurzel, Radix

   ко́реньkórenʹ

   (mathematics) a quantity expressed as the root of another quantity

2. In logographic writing systems such as the Chinese writing system, the portion of a character used to index it. Often, but not always, this is also the portion indicating meaning; compare the following sense.

   In logographic writing systems such as the Chinese writing system, the portion of a character (if any) that provides an indication of its meaning, as opposed to being wholly phonetic.

   Radikal

   радика́лradikál, ключključ

3. (common, proscribed)Any component of a logographic character, whether used for indexing or not, whether semantic or not.

4. In Celtic languages, the basic, underlying form of an initial consonant which can be further mutated under the Celtic initial consonant mutations.

5. In Semitic languages, any one of the set of consonants (typically three) that make up a root.

   ко́реньkórenʹ, радика́лradikál

6. A group of atoms, joined by covalent bonds, that take part in reactions as a single unit.

   радика́лradikál

   (chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule

7. A free radical.

   Radikal

   радика́лradikál

8. Given an ideal I in a commutative ring R, another ideal, denoted Rad(I) or √, such that an element x ∈ R is in Rad(I) if, for some positive integer n, xⁿ ∈ I; equivalently, the intersection of all prime ideals containing I.

   радика́лradikál

9. Given a ring R, an ideal containing elements of R that share a property considered, in some sense, "not good".

10. The intersection of maximal submodules of a given module.

11. The product of the distinct prime factors of a given positive integer.

12. (historical)A member of the most progressive wing of the Liberal Party; someone favouring social reform (but generally stopping short of socialism).

1. Tom is radical.

   Том радикальний.

   deTom ist radikal.

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2. Tom has some very radical ideas.

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3. I wouldn't call it a radical solution.

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4. Tom was forced to make a radical decision.

   ruТом был вынужден принять радикальное решение.

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5. This is too radical.

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