shall

1. (auxiliary, defective, modal, no past participle, no present participle)Used before a verb to indicate the simple future tense in the first person singular or plural.

   I shall sing in the choir tomorrow.

   I hope that we shall win the game.

   werden

2. (auxiliary, defective, modal, no past participle, no present participle)Used similarly to indicate determination or obligation in the second and third persons singular or plural.

   (determination): You shall go to the ball!; He shall be given a fair trial.

   (obligation): Citizens shall provide proof of identity.

   sollen

   до́лженdólžen, должна́dolžná, должно́dolžnó

3. (auxiliary, defective, modal, no past participle, no present participle)Used in questions with the first person singular or plural to suggest a possible future action.

   What shall I do? Shall I give you a hand?

   Shall we go out later?

   sollen

4. (auxiliary, defective, modal, no past participle, no present participle, obsolete)To owe.

   I thee shall a hundred golden coins; th'amount thou shalt the Queen is much higher.

   He should þe Princess his Life, for she had deliver'd him from þe Poison deadly.

1. You shouldn't have paid the bill.

   Тобі не слід було сплачувати цей рахунок.

   ruТебе не стоило платить по этому счету.

   deDu hättest die Rechnung nicht zahlen sollen.

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2. When shall we get together next?

   Коли ми зберемося наступного разу?

   ruКогда мы соберёмся в следующий раз?

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3. I shouldn't have sold my car.

   Мені не треба було продавати машину.

   ruНе надо мне было продавать свою машину.

   deIch hätte mein Auto nicht verkaufen sollen.

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4. Maybe I shouldn't have done that.

   Мабуть мені не треба було цього робити.

   ruВозможно, мне не следовало этого делать.

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5. You shouldn't be doing that now.

   Тобі не слід зараз цього робити.

   ruВы не должны делать это сейчас.

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Modal verbs have one form for every person and take a bare infinitive.