harden
To become hardTo become hard.
» The heat of the sun hardens clay.
Die Hitze der Sonne härtet den Ton.
Die Hitze der Sonne härtet den Lehm aus.
Солнечное тепло делает глину твёрдой.
Солнечное тепло затвердевает глину.
Від сонячного тепла глина твердішає.
Meaning
8 senses(intransitive)To become hard.
härten
тверде́тьtverdétʹ, затверде́тьzatverdétʹ
тверді́тиtverdíty, затверді́тиzatverdíty, тве́рднутиtvérdnuty
become hard or harder
(ergative, transitive)To make something hard or harder.
härten
make hard or harder
(figuratively, transitive)To strengthen.
(transitive)To modify (a website or other system) to make it resistant to malicious attacks.
(ambitransitive)To become or make (a person or thing) resistant or less sensitive.
(obs.)
ожесточитьсяožestočitʹsja, ожесточитьožestočitʹ
(informal, intransitive)To get an erection.
(ambitransitive)To become or make (a consonant) more fortis; to (cause to) undergo fortition.
cause to accept or become hardened to; habituate
To unpalatalize or velarize.
Examples
54 sentencesThe heat of the sun hardens clay.
Від сонячного тепла глина твердішає. — aandrusiak
ruСолнечное тепло делает глину твёрдой. — odexed
deDie Hitze der Sonne härtet den Ton. — mayabe
Cement hardens in two to three hours.
Tom's face suddenly hardened.
Switzerland hardened its immigration policy.
Швейцарія зробила свою іміграційну політику суворішою. — deniko
deDie Schweiz verschärfte ihre Einwanderungspolitik. — Pfirsichbaeumchen
I became hardened to punishing pupils.
Translations
9 languagesBy meaning 1
By meaning 2
By meaning 1
Origin
From Middle English hardenen, equivalent to hard + -en. Cognate with Danish hærdne (“to haFrom Middle English hardenen, equivalent to hard + -en. Cognate with Danish hærdne (“to harden; cure”), Swedish hårdna (“to harden”), Norwegian herdne (“to harden”), Icelandic harðna (“to harden”).
Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · source
Forms
hardens, hardening, hardened, hardenedSynonyms
12 synonymsAntonyms
1 antonymsWord family
23 related wordsLessons for this word
3 lessons- A1Present simple — Because it is a verb
- A1Past simple, regular verbs — Because of its past form
- A2Present perfect: introduction — Because of its past participle