Lessons

Grammar, vocabulary, writing, speaking and pronunciation from A1 to C1. Pick a topic or follow a path.

Learning paths

From zeroA1–A2 · 52 lessonsFor schoolA2–B1 · 29 lessonsFor universityB2–C1 · 21 lessonsFor workA2–B2 · 12 lessons

C1 Level C1

  1. Inversion: advanced patternsNegative and restrictive adverbials, only-phrases, conditionals without if, and so/such fronting that put the auxiliary before the subject in formal English.
  2. Cleft sentencesIt-clefts, what-clefts and their relatives split one statement into two parts so that the important piece carries the emphasis.
  3. Ellipsis and substitutionLeaving words out after an auxiliary or to, and replacing clauses and nouns with so, not, one, do and neither, so that English sounds natural, not translated.
  4. The subjunctive and formal structuresThe base-form subjunctive after suggest, insist and it is essential, the were-subjunctive, and fixed formal patterns such as lest and be that as it may.
  5. Hedging and registerHow to soften a claim with modals, seem, tend and perhaps, and how to choose formal, neutral or informal wording to fit the reader.
Lessons | Krumeto