scratch

1. (countable, uncountable)A disruption, mark or shallow cut on a surface made by scratching.

   I can’t believe there is a scratch in the paint already.

   Her skin was covered with tiny scratches.

   Kratzer

   цара́пинаcarápina

   подря́пинаpodrjápyna, дря́пинаdrjápyna

2. (countable, uncountable)An act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation.

   The dog sat up and had a good scratch.

   чеса́ниеčesánije

3. (countable, uncountable)A starting line (originally and simply, a line scratched in the ground), as in boxing.

4. (countable, uncountable)A technical error of touching or surpassing the starting mark prior to the official start signal in the sporting events of long jump, discus, hammer throw, shot put, and similar. Originally the starting mark was a scratch on the ground but is now a board or precisely indicated mark.

5. (countable, uncountable)The last riders to depart in a handicap race.

6. An aberration.

   (countable, uncountable)A foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table.

7. (countable, uncountable)A horse withdrawn from a race prior to the start.

   There were two scratches in race 8, which reduced the field from nine horses to seven.

   a line indicating the location of the start of a race or a game

8. (countable, uncountable)A minor injury.

   It's just a scratch!

9. (countable, slang, uncountable)Money; especially, cash.

   ба́бкиbábki

   informal terms for money

10. (countable, uncountable)A feed, usually a mixture of a few common grains, given to chickens.

11. (countable, in the plural, uncountable)Minute, but tender and troublesome, excoriations, covered with scabs, upon the heels of horses which have been used where it is very wet or muddy.

12. (countable, historical, uncountable)A scratch wig.

1. I was scratched by a cat.

   Мене подряпав кіт.

   ruЯ был поцарапан кошкой.

   deIch wurde von einer Katze gekratzt.

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2. Tom has a scratch on his forehead.

   У Тома на чолі царапина.

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3. I can hear a cat scratching at the window.

   Я чую, як кіт дряпається у вікно.

   ruМне слышно, как кошка скребётся в окно.

   deIch höre eine Katze, die an das Fenster kratzt.

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4. Bears like to scratch their backs on tree bark.

   Ведмедям подобається чесати свою спину о кору дерев.

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5. Most dogs like it when you scratch them behind the ears.

   Більшості собак подобається, коли ти чешеш їх за вухами.

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